Abstract
This chapter deals with the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma, a common chronic progressive optic neuropathy that results in characteristic changes in the retinal nerve fibre layer and optic disc leading to gradual loss of peripheral vision. The chapter can be divided into three basic sections: primary glaucoma (including ocular hypertension), secondary glaucoma, and treatment. The presenting features, physical signs and imaging techniques associated with the various types of glaucoma are discussed and illustrated. Primary open angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma are covered, as well as secondary glaucoma (particularly pseudoexfoliation, pigmentary, neovascular and inflammatory glaucoma). Congenital glaucoma is included in this chapter. The principles of treatment and methods of reducing the intraocular pressure are discussed including medical treatment, laser application and surgery. The side effects and complications associated with each therapeutic option are covered.
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