Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis, in which the nutritional, hormonal, and metabolic environment afforded by the mother may permanently program differentiating target tissues of the offspring toward the development of metabolic syndrome in adult life. A growing body of evidence supports the notion that epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, both involving chromatin remodeling, contribute to fetal metabolic programming. In this chapter, we will focus on understanding how maternal dietary factors influence the epigenome of infants during pregnancy, and how epigenetic factors regulate metabolic disorders in later life, and consider future preventive strategies for metabolic diseases via the nutritional epigenome.
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