Abstract
The limits of maritime jurisdiction, and the conditions of its exercise, are of central importance in the development of the international law of the sea. Apart from the crucial distinction between sovereignty and jurisdiction made in the Continental Shelf Convention , it became necessary in Geneva Conventions of 1958 to define and limit coastal State powers of jurisdiction in other maritime contexts. The ambiguities attending the juridical nature of exclusive economic zone (EEZ) have led to disputes regarding the exercise of high seas freedoms in EEZs. An important area of interplay between sovereignty and jurisdiction is Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI), launched by U.S. President George W. Bush in 2003. Clear distinctions are drawn in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC), between zones of sovereignty and jurisdiction with regard to the application and enforcement of laws relating to the protection of the marine environment. Keywords: exclusive economic zone (EEZ); Geneva conventions; international law of sea; LOSC; maritime jurisdiction; proliferation security initiative (PSI)
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