Chapter 1 Recent trends and developments in carbon dots

Abstract

The carbon dots are new materials in modern chemistry. The modern development ways for carbon dots were discussed in this chapter. Currently, the carbon dots are synthesized by the top-down and bottom-up methods. The electrochemical methods, ultrasonic treatment, laser ablation method, and arc discharge method were mostly used in the top-down methods. The bottom-up methods have some advantages such as convenient methodology, precise control, easy instrumentation, cost-effectiveness, involvement of non-toxic precursor molecules, practical applicability, and green materials. The carbon dots are synthesized from green sources such as carbohydrates, biomass, and bio-waste. The carbon dots are modified with the supramolecular hosts to obtain the unique carbon dots in the biometric elements, catalysts, and sensor applications. The carbon dots are modified to follow the 2D materials to enhance their unique properties.