Abstract
This chapter discusses the basic function of a mould. The basic function of a mould is to provide a cavity that would receive liquid metal to produce a casting of a desired shape and size when the metal cools by solidification. A core is a solid object that is inserted in the mould cavity so that metal flows around it and, upon solidification, the casting is devoid of metal in the part occupied by the core initially in the mould cavity. Moulds can be permanent moulds, such as those used in die casting and expendable ones, such as those produced from refractory aggregates. The permanent moulds can be used many times whereas the latter expendable moulds must be constructed separately each time a casting is to be produced. Permanent moulds are usually metal moulds and possibly the only permanent mould material used to receive steel is grey or nodular cast iron such as ingot moulds. The chapter highlights the main requirements of a mould or core material.
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