Abstract
This chapter discusses the main processes of heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) and their uses. HVAC systems include a range from the simplest hand-stoked stove used for comfort heating to the extremely reliable total air-conditioning systems found in submarines and space shuttles. The term “air conditioning” has gradually changed its meaning from just cooling to the total control of temperature, moisture in the air (humidity), supply of outside air for ventilation, filtration of airborne particles, and air movement in the occupied space. Cooling equipment varies from the small domestic unit to refrigeration machines that are 10,000 times the size, which are used in industrial processes. There are seven main processes required to achieve full air conditioning: heating, cooling, humidifying, dehumidifying, cleaning, ventilating, and air movement. The requirements and importance of these seven processes vary with the climate. Modern air conditioning is critical to almost every facet of advancing human activity. Although there have been great advances in HVAC, there are several areas where active research and debate continue.
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