Abstract
Spectrophotometric detection is a common method of analysis in clinical laboratories where an analyte is detected and quantified using a visible (400–800nm) or ultraviolet wavelength (below 380nm). Atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy also fall under this broad category of spectrophotometric detection. Chemical sensors such as ion selective electrodes and pH meters are also widely used in clinical laboratories. Ions elective electrodes are the method of choice for detecting various ions such as sodium, potassium and related electrolytes in serum or plasma. For potassium ion selective electrode, valinomycin is commonly used. In blood gas machines sensors capable of detecting hydrogen ion (pH meter) and partial pressure of oxygen during blood gas measurements are used. Another analytical method used in clinical laboratories is chromatographic method including gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, as well as liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry of tandem mass spectrometry. Capillary electrophoresis is also used in clinical laboratories.
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