Abstract

This paper describes, based on both numerical and experimental bases, the evolution of chaotic and, in some cases, hyperchaotic attractors within mathematical models of two two-port analog functional blocks commonly used inside radio-frequency systems. The first investigated electronic circuit is known as the cascoded class C amplifier and the second network represents a resonant amplifier with Darlington’s active part. For the analysis of each mentioned block, fundamental configurations that contain coupled generalized bipolar transistors are considered; without driving force or interactions with other lumped circuits. The existence of the structurally stable strange attractors is proved via the high-resolution composition plots of the Lyapunov exponents, numerical sensitivity analysis and captured oscilloscope screenshots.

Highlights

  • A unique nonlinear phenomenon currently denoted as chaos and hyper chaos has been intensively studied in the lumped electronic circuits for nearly four decades

  • The motivation of such research is to explain the complex movement of dynamical systems, where extreme sensitivity of system solutions to tiny changes and/or uncertainties of the initial conditions cooperates with some folding mechanism

  • Among the other problems associated with the presentation of newly discovered chaotic systems [43], the design of a fully analog oscillator having the flow-equivalent behavior to the investigated mathematical model and its experimental verification through laboratory measurement belongs to the widely accepted proof that the investigated dynamical system generates long-time structurally stable strange attractors of a prescribed geometric shape

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Summary

Introduction

A unique nonlinear phenomenon currently denoted as chaos and hyper chaos has been intensively studied in the lumped electronic circuits for nearly four decades. The topology of the strange attractor belongs to key features for finding optimal values of parameters leading to the robust chaotic behavior, as demonstrated in paper [26] To this end, it should be noted that dozens of other lumped analog circuits exhibit robust chaotic and hyperchaotic motion, many of them with several different sets of the internal parameters. A two-stage resonant amplifier having a pair of biased GBT was addressed in paper [29] In this case, a numerical search algorithm reveals several chaotic attractors and parameter regions with associated strong hyperchaotic behavior. It is shown that the suitable coupling of two GBT can result in a very complex motion having all fingerprints typical of chaotic behavior: positive largest LE, sensitive dependance of system solution to tiny changes of initial conditions, dense strange attractors, significant entropy of generated chaotic signals and a very low degree of future time predictability. Concluding remarks and future possible research topics are provided

Mathematical Models
Cascoded Class C Amplifier
Resonant Amplifier with Darlington’s Subcircuit
Numerical Analysis
Cascoded
Resonant Amplifier with Darlington-Type Subcircuit
Fractional-Order Modification of Analyzed GBT-Based Functional Blocks
Experimental Results
Discussion
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