Abstract
A new phenomenon is described in this paper: the formation of macroscopic channel structures on the bottom of copper ingots which were used as the target for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles by high-power electron beam evaporation and condensation. In the synthesis experiment, the cylindrical copper ingot is melted and partially evaporated in a graphite crucible. The channel structures were originally observed after a series of nanoparticle synthesis experiments in varying conditions. In the present work, various process conditions are varied in order to recreate the structures and identify their mechanism of formation. Conditions in which the channel structures form and do not form are identified and interesting microstructures are observed near the channel structures.
Highlights
For more than 20 years, the Khristianovich Institute of Applied and Theoretical Mechanics (KITAM)has been working in collaboration with the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP), both institutes part of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), in order to obtain nanopowders from various substances by evaporating the materials using an electron beam [1,2,3]
Multiple copper synthesis experiments were performed on the same ingot without it being removed from the crucible
It was only after 5 years, during which time different experiments were performed at the facility, that the graphite crucible was needed again and that the copper ingot was removed and the channel structures were first observed
Summary
Has been working in collaboration with the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP), both institutes part of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), in order to obtain nanopowders from various substances by evaporating the materials using an electron beam [1,2,3]. The beam travels half a dozen centimeters into a chamber with a gas flowing at close to atmospheric pressure along the target material surface. The beam melts and evaporates the target material to produce a vapor which is subsequently condensed into nanoparticles. The phenomenon described in the current paper was discovered after one cycle of studies to obtain copper nanopowders in an argon atmosphere through the electron beam evaporation technique. The details of the copper nanoparticles synthesized can be found in reference [5]
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