Channel Restoration Hydraulic Design Procedure

Abstract

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station (WES) is currently developing a systematic methodology for hydraulic design of channel restoration projects. The methodology incorporates both fluvial geomorphologic principles and engineering analysis. It includes use of hydraulic geometry relationships, analytical determination of stable channel dimensions, and a sediment impact assessment. The preferred design channel geometry is a compound channel with a primary channel designed to carry the effective or "channel forming" discharge and an overbank area designed to carry the additional flow for a specified flood discharge. Channel width may be determined by analogy methods, hydraulic geometry predictors, or analytically. Once a width is determined for the effective discharge, depth and channel slope are determined analytically by balancing sediment inflow from upstream with sediment transport capacity through the restored project reach. Meander wavelength must be determined by analogy or hydraulic geometry relationships. Assumption of a sine-generated curve then allows calculation of channel planform. The stability of the channel design should then be evaluated for the full range of expected discharges by conducting a sediment impact assessment. Refinements to the design include variation of channel widths at crossings and pools, variable lateral depths in pools, coarsening of the channel bed in riffles, and bank protection.