Abstract
The fifth-generation (5G) of cellular networks and beyond requires massive connectivity, high data rates, and low latency. Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications is a key 5G enabling technology to meet these requirements thanks to its technical potentials that can be integrated with other 5G enablers such as ultra-dense networks (UDNs) and massive multiple-input-multiple-output (massive MIMO) systems. However, some technical challenges, which are mainly related to specific characteristics of mmWave propagation, must be addressed. All the aforementioned points will be discussed in this article before presenting the different existing architectures of massive MIMO mmWave systems. This survey mainly aims at presenting a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of the channel estimation techniques associated with the different mmWave system architectures. Subsequently, we will provide a comparison among existing solutions in terms of their respective benefits and shortcomings. Finally, some open directions of research are discussed, and challenges that wait to be met are pointed out.
Highlights
AND BACKGROUNDT HE decade will encounter many emerging applications such as connected cars, augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality, 3D video, ultra-high definition video, industrial IoT, smart cities, connected healthcare, etc
It can be said that there exist plenty of research works on channel estimation for the narrowband case, while only few papers have been proposed for the wideband one
It is known that mmWave channels are wideband in nature, some further future steps have to be taken in this regard
Summary
T HE decade will encounter many emerging applications such as connected cars, augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality, 3D video, ultra-high definition video, industrial IoT, smart cities, connected healthcare, etc. HASSAN et al.: CHANNEL ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES FOR MILLIMETER-WAVE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS beamforming which requires to increase the number of antennas of the antenna arrays at the transmitter and/or receiver, i.e., massive antenna arrays are needed. This approach is facilitated by the short wavelength of mmWave signals which makes possible to compact more antennas while keeping the array size small. Acquiring channel state information (CSI) is challenging for mmWave systems because of the massive number of antennas, the complex architecture of the transceiver and the large exploited bandwidth The aim of this survey is to propose a comprehensive overview of the existing channel estimation techniques for mmWave systems.
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