Changing Surface-Mine Reclamation Practices in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Abstract

Changing reclamation practices for surface mines in Minas Gerais, Brazil, were examined through visits to several mines and interviews of reclamation specialists, environmental consultants, and regulatory-agency personnel. The quality of reclamation improved consiaderably in the past 13 years due to changes in legal requirements, corporate attitudes, new reaclamation practices, and better application of selected practices. Most experienced reclamation specialists developed techniques well-suited to the specific environmental conditions at their mine. New challenges await as reclamation goals and requirements become more rigorous. On the horizon is long-term, land-use planning as part of mine-closure plans, increased environmental monitoring and mine inspections, and possibly reclamation bonding. On the ground, adoption of topographic-reconstruction practices, complete analyses and use of available topsoil, development of dependable seed sources for wider varieties of plant species, and techniques to insure uniform seed distribution would facilitate continued improvement in reclamation quality. A national reclamation organization would promote reclamation-technology transfer.