Abstract
The Chiltern Hills were, until the nineteenth century, an important divide in the settlement patterns of southern England. The large villages and great open fields in the clay vales of Oxford and Aylesbury north of the chalk escarpment were typical of much of the Midlands, while the Chiltern plateau was an area of irregular settlement patterns and field systems such as existed in many of the more hilly districts of southeast England. Small and numerous common strip-divided fields, large areas of enclosed arable land, and extensive woods and wastes, were associated with a settlement mosaic in which elements of both nucleation and dispersal were prominent.
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