Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) comprises a heterogeneous group of particles differing in size, density, and composition. HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels have long been suggested to indicate cardiovascular risk, inferred from multiple epidemiological studies. The failure of HDL-C targeted interventions and genetic studies has raised doubts on the atheroprotective role of HDL-C. The current consensus is that HDL-C is neither a biomarker nor a causative agent of cardiovascular disorders. With better understanding of the complex nature of HDL which comprises a large number of proteins and lipids with unique functions, recent focus has shifted from HDL quantity to HDL quality in terms of atheroprotective functions. The current research is focused on developing laboratory assays to assess HDL functions for cardiovascular risk prediction. Also, HDL mimetics designed based on the key determinants of HDL functions are being investigated to modify cardiovascular risk. Improving HDL functions by altering its composition is the key area of future research in HDL biology to reduce cardiovascular risk.
Highlights
The presence of water-soluble lipoproteins was reported for the first time by Michael Macheboeuf in 1929 when he isolated a class of proteins called alpha globulins, recognized as high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Recent research findings advocate the use of HDL functions like Cholesterol Efflux Capacity (CEC) levels as the predominant therapeutic targets rather than HDL cholesterol mass
This could be the norm in the future clinical practice with the advent of standardized assays for HDL functions like CEC
Summary
The presence of water-soluble lipoproteins was reported for the first time by Michael Macheboeuf in 1929 when he isolated a class of proteins called alpha globulins, recognized as high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In 1949, Gofman et al proposed a new method for separation of lipoproteins from serum. They isolated HDL by ultracentrifugation and studied the association of lipoproteins with atherosclerosis [1]. HDL and its role in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been extensively studied. HDL comprises heterogeneous particles varying in size, density, composition, and biological properties. HDL has the highest relative density (1.063-1.21 g/ml) and its size varies from 6.5 to 15 nm. We discuss the current evidence on the association of HDL with CVD
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
