Changing patterns in the epidemiology of tibial plateau fractures: a 10-year review at a level-I trauma center.

Abstract

Mobility patterns of western societies have been changing due to ongoing demographic change. Therefore, continuously updated epidemiological data on fracture morphology and treatment strategies are needed. This retrospective single-center study included all tibial plateau fractures (TPF) between January 2011 and December 2020 in a level-I trauma center in Central Europe. Epidemiology, trauma mechanism and fracture morphology were analyzed. Age- and sex-specific differences regarding fracture classification (Schatzker, AO/OTA, Moore) and changes during the study period are highlighted. A total of 607 patients (55.2% women, 44.8% men, mean age 52.9years (± 17.9)) were included in the study, 462 (76.1%) thereof having undergone surgical treatment. Over the decade, an increase in mean age (+ 7.4years; p = 0.10), incidence (+ 68%; p < 0.05) and low-energy trauma was observed, with the highest peak in elderly women. Within classifications, AO/OTA 41-B3 (24.9%), Schatzker II (26.8%) and Moore V (46.6%) fractures were the most common. Incidence (+ 68%), mean age and fractures with signs of knee dislocation of tibial plateau fracture increased over the last decade and low-energy trauma mechanism are more frequent. As the increase in incidence is mainly seen in older women, the comorbidities and need for immediate postoperative full weight-bearing have to be considered in treatment strategies.