Changing Pattern of Internal Migration in India

Abstract

Although internal migration in India has been shaped by urbanization, its actual contribution vis-a-vis components of natural increase and rural to urban classification remains low (about 20 % of urban growth). On the other hand, while inter-state migration has been an issue of political conflict, the fact remains that majority of the people move within the state boundaries. Another important finding from this study is that male migration has declined, while female migration has increased since the economic reforms initiated in 1991. The decline in male migration in rural areas is sharper than in urban areas. The possible reasons for the decline in male mobility are: insufficient job creation during the last two decades, a stagnation of job opportunities in the organized sector, rising commutation of workers, and the employment guarantee scheme initiated in rural areas. Increased female migration seems to be the result of increased marriage and family associated migration. This chapter throws light on the emerging pattern of internal migration in India.