Changing Pattern of Employment in Nepal

Abstract

Employment is for livelihood and securing the lives of people. Unemployment is most raised issue in Nepalese economy but remaining unsolved. Poverty reduction and employment creation had been raised in each past periodic plan. Study was done to assess the changing pattern of employment for analyzing the sectoral involvement of labour force, efficacy of policies, strategies and implication of policies for addressing the labour and migration issues in Nepal. Relevant secondary data from different sources were used for the study. Study shows youth unemployment rate is decreasing. About 66% of the total employment is dependent on agricultural sector which is in the decreasing rate as the slow transformation of agriculture- based economy to modern economy. Around 56% of household receives the remittance, inflow of remittance is in increasing trend to fiscal year 2016/2017 but it shrinks in 2017/2018. Bagmati and Karnali province had higher and lower number of working age population respectively.Similarly, greater unemployment rate found in Province 2. In first eight months of the Fiscal year 2017/18, 12,622 people have been provided the orientation training and 658 people have been provided skill-based training through youth and Small Entrepreneurship Self-employment Programs. Government launched Prime Minister Employment Program (PMEP) at national level in fiscal year 2019/2020. Vicious cycle of remittance, poor sectoral growth, low labor productivity, poor policy implementation are key factors for unemployment. There is urgent need for domestic job to absorb labour force. Youth and marginalized community targeted program, skill development and enhancement program should be emphasized from government level.