Abstract
Wittingly or unwittingly, civil society actors have long been faced with the task of documenting serious human rights violations. Thirty years ago, such efforts were largely organised by grassroots movements, often with little support or funding from international actors. Sharing information and best practices was difficult. Today that situation has significantly changed. The purpose of this article is to explore the changing landscape of civil society documentation of serious human rights violations, and what that means for standardising and professionalising documentation efforts. Using the recent Hissene Habre case as an example, this article begins by looking at how civil society documentation can successfully influence an accountability process. Next, the article touches upon barriers that continue to impede greater documentation efforts. The article examines the changing landscape of documentation, focusing on technological changes and the rise of citizen journalism and unofficial investigations, using Syria as an example, as well as on the increasing support for documentation efforts both in Syria and worldwide. The changing landscape has resulted in the proliferation of international documentation initiatives aimed at providing local civil society actors guidelines and practical assistance on how to recognise, collect, manage, store and use information about serious human rights violations, as well as on how to minimise the risks associated with the documentation of human rights violations. The recent initiatives undertaken by international civil society, including those by the Public International Law & Policy Group, play an important role in helping to standardise and professionalise documentation work and promote the foundational principles of documentation, namely the ‘do no harm’ principle, and the principles of informed consent and confidentiality. Recognising the drawback that greater professionalisation may bring, it nevertheless concludes by applauding the initiatives undertaken thus far and calls for even more sustained cooperation, dissemination and training for civil society where possible.
Highlights
In times of conflict or situations of systematic abuse, one of the most important roles taken on by civil society actors relates to the documentation of serious human rights violations
Using the recent Hisséne Habré case as an example, this article begins by looking at how civil society documentation can successfully influence an accountability process
The changing landscape has resulted in the proliferation of international documentation initiatives aimed at providing local civil society actors guidelines and practical assistance on how to recognise, collect, manage, store and use information about serious human rights violations, as well as on how to minimise the risks associated with the documentation of human rights violations
Summary
In times of conflict or situations of systematic abuse, one of the most important roles taken on by civil society actors relates to the documentation of serious human rights violations. Information collected by civil society actors regularly makes tangible contributions towards compliance-related processes (e.g. before national courts or human rights treaty bodies), justice and accountability processes (e.g. before truth commissions and domestic and international criminal processes), and efforts to promote education and memorialisation.. The article addressed issues of collecting information and using the data collected It explained organisational structure and stressed the need for the ‘standardisation’ of procedures for the documentation of human rights violations.. The changing landscape has resulted in the proliferation of international documentation initiatives aimed at providing local civil society actors guidelines and practical assistance on how to recognise, collect, manage, store and use information about serious human rights violations, as well as on how to minimise the risks associated with the documentation of human rights violations. This article touches upon some of the drawbacks that may result from greater standardisation but concludes by applauding the initiatives undertaken far and calls for even more sustained cooperation, dissemination and training where possible
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