Abstract
A study of employment pattern in a society reflects the economic profi le of its people. It is an indicator of the economic diff erentiation of people in an area. In a traditional agrarian society, the population though engaged in agriculture was largely classified as landowners or as landless labour with a small proportion engaged in artisanal activities. Land as an asset provided power and authority in this context. In a capitalist society, the occupational diversification moves from agriculture to industry and finally to the services sector. The development of the industrial sector was historically seen as advancement for the rural population with the predominance of better employment opportunities as industrial workers. In the case of developing countries, there has been growth in services sector rather than employment in industries. This growth in employment in favor of services is skewed as most of the people are employed in the unorganised sector. This paper will study the movement of labour out of agriculture to other sectors of economy in rural areas of Jammu and Kashmir. It will try to analyse the direction and reason for movement of this labour. This will be preceded with a brief theoretical discussion on changes in employment patterns in rural areas.
Highlights
Many theories of development argue that in order to grow or develop, the structure of an economy should change with the predominance of manufacturing or industrial activity to be supplemented by a service sector
As this study focuses on Jammu and Kashmir, it is convenient to say that the case of India replicated itself in Jammu and Kashmir
The main sector of the economy, which still employs the largest numbers of employment is high, but its scope has remained limited over the decades
Summary
Many theories of development argue that in order to grow or develop, the structure of an economy should change with the predominance of manufacturing or industrial activity to be supplemented by a service sector. Countries need to move from the primary sector to other sectors of the economy, there should be a shift from agriculture to manufacturing industries and services (as cited in Afshan, 2012). He further argues that labour force initially moves out of agriculture to secondary sector, whereas, employment in services sector remains constant over long periods (Kuznets, 1972). When resources shift from primary to secondary and tertiary sectors, workers follow the same This implies that a change in occupational structure is dependent upon a structural transformation of economy. Structural shifts in economy are needed for the growth and development of the country
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