Abstract
Organophosphates (OP) are widely used in both agriculture and household settings as pesticides. Human exposure is mainly due to residues in food or living environment and the main mechanism of OP toxicity are the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. Acute poisoning is associated with a high rate of mortality due to parasympathetic overstimulation. In long-term exposure, OP are linked to systemic damage occurrence like nervous, hepatic or renal dysfunction. These compounds are considered as potential endocrine disrupters, causing significant hormonal imbalance targeting the adrenals or thyroid glands. The aim of this article is to review current data in the literature regarding effects of both acute and chronic OP exposure on thyroid hormonal status.
Highlights
Changes of Thyroid Hormonal Status in Organophosphate ExposureSick patients with low serum T3 are considered as clinically euthyroid, the above-mentioned euthyroid sick syndrome
Organophosphates (OP) are widely used in both agriculture and household settings as pesticides
Organophosphate (OP) compounds are chemicals that have a great range of applications in both industrial and domestic areas, acting as pesticides, nerve agents or antiparasitic agents [1]
Summary
Sick patients with low serum T3 are considered as clinically euthyroid, the above-mentioned euthyroid sick syndrome This refers to changes in thyroid hormone concentrations caused by an acute or chronic illness and not due to an intrinsic abnormality in thyroid function. Alterations in hormone secretion can be a result of severe illness, physical trauma, or physiologic stress and caused by a large number of drugs and chemical rise in somatostatin that contributes to the suppression of TSH. TSH usually increases, endocrinological changes in acute organophosphate sometimes above the normal laboratory range In admitted poisoning, they found that seven (31.8%) patients had sick patients, T4 levels might be high, normal or low [27]. Euthyroid syndrome, including suppression of TSH, T4 and T3, which resolved after resolution of poisoning
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