Abstract
Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle and the definition of second-order moments of the Wigner distribution function (WDF), the analytical formulas for the root-mean-square (rms) spatial and angular widths and the M2-factor of partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian (PCHG) beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence are derived. The major factors affecting on the M2-factor are also discussed in detail. The results show that the rms spatial and angular widths and the M2-factor increase with the propagation distance and the strength of turbulence. However, the relative rms spatial and angular widths and the relative M2-factor of PCHG beams with a higher order, lower coherence and longer wavelength are less affected by the turbulence.
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