Abstract
Acute small bowel obstruction remains one of the most challenging nosologies in emergency surgery, leading to a pronounced imbalance between lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant defense system. We aimed to study changes in the anti- and prooxidant status of serum and small intestine wall in an experiment modeling acute small bowel obstruction. The control group included 11 rats, and the main group included 42 rats (simulation of mechanical bowel obstruction on day 1 was conducted in 14 rats, on day 2 – in 12 rats, on day 3 – in 16 rats). Acute small bowel obstruction was modeled by ligation. Serum analysis and removal of the small intestinal wall were performed on days 1, 2, and 3. Indicators of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection were determined by the spectrophotometric method, and the imbalance between lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection gradually increased from 1 to 3 days of observation. On day 3, the low level of aldehyde increased 1.3 times, and the level of superoxide dismutase decreased 1.2 times compared to the control group. Pathophysiological changes in the wall of the small intestine are caused by the activation of lipid peroxidation and the exhaustion antioxidant protection, whereby the degree of their severity increases depending on the increase in time from the moment of modeling of acute obstruction of the small intestine.
Highlights
Acute small bowel obstruction (ASBO) remains one of the most difficult nosologies in emergency surgery
One of the leading pathogenic links for the development of enteral insufficiency in ASBO is hypoxia, which develops as a result of impaired blood supply to the small intestine [1]
Hypoxia in the wall of the small intestine leads to destructive processes in the mucous membrane of the intestinal epithelium, which are initially manifested by vascular disorders, edema and plethora of the mucous membrane, a sharp expansion in it of capillaries and venules, along with aggregation of blood elements
Summary
Acute small bowel obstruction (ASBO) remains one of the most difficult nosologies in emergency surgery. Enteral insufficiency is a significant component of intestinal obstruction and endotoxicosis, which leads to multiple organ failure. One of the leading pathogenic links for the development of enteral insufficiency in ASBO is hypoxia, which develops as a result of impaired blood supply to the small intestine [1]. Hypoxia in the wall of the small intestine leads to destructive processes in the mucous membrane of the intestinal epithelium, which are initially manifested by vascular disorders, edema and plethora of the mucous membrane, a sharp expansion in it of capillaries and venules, along with aggregation of blood elements. One of the main causes of adverse effects in ASBO is peritonitis, which develops as a result of the progression of the pathological process in the absence of adequate intensive conservative and surgical treatment
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