Changes of anti-thrombin III, anti-thrombin and anti-thrombin in liver diseases

Abstract

The hemorrhagic diathesis in liver diseases are very complicated because of the disorders of vessel-, platelet- and coagulofibrinolytic system. Severe bleeding is known to be caused in the patients with fulminant hepatitis with DIC. We have reported these facts several years. In this study, the hemorrhagic diathesis of liver diseases (especially with DIC) was studied with special references to the activities of anticoagulation and antifibrinolysis, and the diagnosis of hepatitis associated with DIC was also discussed.Quantative determination of antithrombin III, and α2-macroglobulin was carried out by single radial immunodiffusion. The mesurement of antiactivator and antiplasmin was carriedd out by means of the plasminogen free fibrin plate.The results obtained were as follows: (1) In liver cirrhosis (12 cases), the mean values of antithrombin III, α2 macroglobulin, antiplasmin and antiactivator were respectively 14.0±4.8, 344.4±135.0, 71.7±19.3(mg/dl). and 37.3±18.4(%).(2) In acute hepatitis (8 cases), the mean values of antithrombin III, α2 macroglobulin, antiplasmin and antiactivator were respectively 17.5±2.6, 220±24.9, 70.0±9.9(mg/dl) and 28.0±19.4(%).(3) The usual approach to detect the liver disease accompanied by DIC is to consider the low value of α2 macroglobulin and the markedly increased value of antiactivator. The dynamic change of antithrombin III, which plays an important role for the diagnosis of DIC, was not so helpful for the diagnosis of the liver diseases accompanied by DIC.(4) There noted the discrepancy between the value of Eug+SK and that of Eug+UK in the 2 patients with fulminant hepatitis accompanied by DIC.Therefore, this finding may be very useful for the diagnosis of DIC in liver diseases.