Changes of angle Kappa and corneal morphology changes in myopic patients after Sub-Bowman-Keratomileusis.

Abstract

To investigate angle Kappa and diopter distribution in myopic patients and the changes of angle Kappa and corneal morphology after Sub-Bowman-Keratomileusis (SBK), and to analyze the effects of the surgery on corneal morphologic changes and the patients' near fixation characteristics. The clinical data of 134 myopic patients (268 eyes) undergoing SBK from August 2015 to August 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Angle Kappa, corneal curvature in the central corneal region of 3 mm, and post-corneal Diff value were measured by Orbscan IIz Corneal Topography System before operation, 1 month and 6 months after operation. According to the values of angle Kappa before SBK, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the large K group (angle Kappa≥5°, 71 eyes) and the small K group (angle Kappa<5°, 197 eyes). Correlation analysis of the factors influencing angle Kappa at 6 months after operation was performed. In the large K group, angle Kappa was (5.67±0.65)°, spherical equivalent was (-4.84±2.32) D, and angle Kappa was decreased after operation (both P<0.05) with the increased decreasing range over time. In the small K group, angle Kappa was (3.51±1.08)°, spherical equivalent was (-5.78±2.63) D, angle Kappa was increased after operation with decreased increasing range over time, and the difference was statistically significant between 6 months after operation and before operation (P<0.05).The post-corneal Diff value of the 2 groups was increased after operation (all P<0.001), and was decreased from 1 month to 6 months after surgery. The corneal curvature in the central corneal region of 3 mm of the 2 groups 1 month after operation was decreased significantly (both P<0.001). From 1 month to 6 months after operation, the corneal curvature of the large K group tended to be stable, while the corneal curvature of the small K group tended to increase. There was no significant correlation between the changes of angle Kappa 6 months after operation and the changes of the corneal central curvature or the post-corneal Diff value (both P>0.05), but the changes of angle Kappa 6 months after operation was positively correlated with corneal cutting thickness (rlarge K group=0.398, rsmall K group=0.218, both P<0.05) and it was negatively correlated with preoperative diopter (rlarge K group=-0.283, rsmall K group=-0.233, both P<0.05). The angle Kappa is decreased in low-moderate myopia patients with large angle Kappa, while is increased in high myopia patients with small angle Kappa after SBK. Myopia patients after SBK will look for the new balance of the binocular accommodation and vergence function for improving the comfort in the near-work situations.