Abstract
The main purpose of the paper is to determine changes in transport behaviour of users of the public bike-share (PBS) scheme in a large Polish city, Łódź. By tracking GPS signals for individual trips taken by PBS users, it was possible to analyse their changeability (time and spatial) for periods before the implementation of statutory Sunday retail restrictions (2017) and after their partial introduction (2018). The study also took into account weather conditions, namely maximum and minimum daily temperatures and daily totals of precipitation recorded by a weather station in Łodź. In order to determine the correlations between certain weather conditions and PBS trips, the authors applied regression analysis. The results of the study showed that weekend cycling is less susceptible to the impact of weather than cycling on weekdays. At the same time, a comparative analysis of trading and non-trading Sundays proved that, during Sundays with retail restrictions, public bikes were used for longer, farther, and slower trips. These observations were confirmed by analyses of maps of traffic structure.
Highlights
Non-motorised means of transport are an essential part of sustainable transport systems, characterised by very low emissions and noise and a substantially decreased risk of accident for other road users
Our analysis aimed to identify changes in users’ behaviour connected to the weather and the statutory Sunday retail restrictions that were implemented in Poland
The aforementioned year-on-year differences recorded for weekends are an interesting premise for us to determine how Sunday retail restrictions impacted transport behaviour of ŁPB users
Summary
Non-motorised means of transport are an essential part of sustainable transport systems, characterised by very low emissions and noise and a substantially decreased risk of accident for other road users. Today, these modes of transport are believed to have become effective methods of counteracting health issues (e.g., obesity) for many people. Our analysis aimed to identify changes in users’ behaviour connected to the weather and the statutory Sunday retail restrictions that were implemented in Poland. By tracking GPS signals for individual PBS trips, we were able to analyse changeability in time and space for the period before the implementation of the restrictions (2017) and after they were partially introduced (2018).
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