Abstract
To study the state of systemic immunity and local immunity before and during chemotherapy in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. From 2017 to 2018 at the Tashkent city branch of the Republican specialized scientific and practical medical center of oncology and radiology 20 primary metastatic patients with gastric adenocarcinoma received chemotherapy. The sampling of biological material (peripheral blood, tumor tissue) was carried out twice (before treatment and during the first control examination, after 3 courses). The percentage of the degree of infiltration of tumor tissue by lymphocytes (CD45+CD14-TILs) was estimated by flow cytometry; T cells (CD3+CD19-TILs); B cells (CD3-CD19+TILs); NK cells (CD3-CD16+CD56+TILs); CD16 and CD8 effector cells and their cytotoxic potential (CTP) (CD16+Perforin+TILs; CD16CTPTILs), (CD8+Perforin+TILs; CD8CTPTILs); regulatory T cells - NKT cells (CD3+CD16+CD56+TILs), CD4 (CD4+CD25+CD127-TILs) and CD8 (CD8+CD11b-CD28-TILs) regulatory cells and these parameters of systemic results. The factor of a favorable prognosis for PFS in patients with metastatic gastric cancer in the peripheral blood was an increase in the number of CD8 + T-regulatory cells (5.1% - 12.1%, p = 0.019), and in tumor tissue - an increase in the perforin potential of effector CD16 cells (0.5% - 4.9%, p = 0.030) and their cytotoxic potential (13.2% - 55.7%, p = 0.011). When assessing the changes in the indices of local immunity during chemotherapy, it was noted a negative effect of an increase of T cells (22.0% - -9.7%, p = 0.012), NKT - cells (207.9% - -13.8%, p = 0.002) and CD4 + T-regulatory cells (190.7% - -25.2%, p = 0.002). In contrast, an increase in the level of effector CD16 cells during chemotherapy increases the likelihood of surviving PFS - 9 months (-69.5% - 9.1%, p = 0.013). Indicators of local and systemic immunity serve as additional prognostic factors for gastric cancer.
Highlights
Take-off from the “Two Cultures” SplitThe traditional, rather sharp separation between and by disciplines is not anymore to be upheld, if not just for operative, methodological or methodical reasons
[Volume-I Issue-VI][Pages = I-XXXVII] [2019] Website: www.usajournalshub.com ISSN (e): 2642-7478 cannot be stopped anymore or scarcely be legally checked. This is certainly true since the last one and a half decades with respect to the world-wide information systems like the Internet, World Wide Web, and other means of data retrieval and access leading to hardly solvable questions of moral responsibility for the data stored or manipulated which cannot be allocated or assigned to a respective one and only bearer of the responsibility anymore
It seems that human responsibility for consequences and developments in comprehensively interconnected and complex information systems can neither ethically nor legally be borne by an individual person any longer nor by a rather vague and almost unlimited set of agents whether individual or group-sized
Summary
The traditional, rather sharp separation between and by disciplines is not anymore to be upheld, if not just for operative, methodological or methodical reasons. This certainly leads to respective challenges on the side of scientific methodologists on the one hand, and of social scientists, social philosophers, and moral philosophers on the other. We all know the problems resulting from the handling of documentation systems, the retrievability of data, the almost unlimited possibility of combining data with respect to data protection problems, respective legislations etc. Some even fear that we are on the brink of or already living in a “computerocracy” – being the fate and development of mass societies which
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