Changes in the technological properties of sugar beet root crops during industrial storage in ventilated piles

Marina Egorova,Elena Leonteva,Lyudmila Smirnova,Lyubov Puzanova,A Valiev,A Taylan,D.I Zhilyakov,M Kalimullin,B Ziganshin,D.A Zyukin,R Nizamov,W Heijman,F Nezhmetdinova,I Safiullin,M Nizamutdinov

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20213700078

Abstract

When storing sugar beets in natural conditions, transformations of the chemical composition occur in it, leading to the accumulation of non-sugars, which reduces the processing efficiency and sugar yield. The use of the technology of forced ventilation of the air environment of the kagats is aimed at reducing the negative impact of the ongoing processes. This study presents the results of changes in the technological properties of sugar beets during industrial storage of two types: in a ventilated rack, in a rack without ventilation. It was shown that forced ventilation of the air in the stagger led to slower development of diseases of root crops with stag rot, the processes proceeded 2 times slower. Changes in the chemical composition of sugar beets after 45 and 60 days of storage are shown. When sugar beets were stored in a ventilated stagger for 60 days, the daily decrease in sugar content was 1.6 times lower than when stored in a staggered rack without ventilation; the increase in the content of reducing substances is 3.5 times lower, α-amino nitrogen, potassium, sodium - on average 1.2 times lower. The calculated sugar yield for the storage conditions of sugar beets in a ventilated trough was 1.1 times higher than when stored in a trough without ventilation. It has been established that the creation of more favorable conditions for the air environment of the sugar beet pile through forced ventilation reduces the intensity of natural biochemical and microbiological processes in root crops, extends the shelf life of their technological properties, and ensures the economic efficiency of sugar production.

Highlights

Sugar production in Russia has a long tradition, and for more than 200 years the main raw material has been sugar beet - a culture of a temperate climatic zone
Since the storage of sugar beets is carried out in natural conditions, the actual parameters of the physical environment of the kagats are influenced by the external environment, they often differ from the optimal ones
The sugar beetroots stored in 2019 were uniform in shape and size, with an average weight of 840 g, healthy. 90% of root crops had minor injuries in the form of cuts and chips, 35% of root crops had a branching of the tail, in 50% of root crops the head was cut below the line of living petioles

Summary

Introduction

Sugar production in Russia has a long tradition, and for more than 200 years the main raw material has been sugar beet - a culture of a temperate climatic zone. Over the past 5 years, sugar production in the country has consistently exceeded 6 million tons and is the first result among countries that produce beet sugar. The continuation of this trend is possible provided that the sugar beet factories are competitive in the market. Since the storage of sugar beets is carried out in natural conditions, the actual parameters of the physical environment of the kagats are influenced by the external environment, they often differ from the optimal ones. Storage is accompanied by developing under the influence of various bacteria and fungi in the air and on the surface of root crops [4], microbiological processes that enhance and accelerate the transformation of the components of technologically ripe sugar beet [5]

Methods

Results

Conclusion