Changes in the shape of the riverb Bed over a period of time at the base of the Vistula River before Cracow

Abstract

Rivers belong to the most important factors changing the surface of the Earth. Their activity can be gradual and not visible or, on the contrary, extremely spectacular. Yet, apart from the manner how water interferes with the environment, it is necessary to determine emerging changes [1, 3]. Such a necessity is a result of the need of preparing accurate and updated maps, both cadastral and those, ordered for projects. Although the erosion process, taking part in the surroundings of the water concern equally the whole cross-section of the river, yet these which take place on the plane are more important [2]. It comes from the fact, that within surveying works (especially of surveying-legal types) it is important to know how a river “travels” on the bottom of its valley (creating changes) and how these changes can influence the shapes of the cadastral boundaries and also on the contours of land use and the contours of soil classes. A sight of the surface of terrain are of course various kinds of mapping works. They carry full and detailed knowledge about the landscape, which part are rivers, in four dimensions one (x, y, z, t) [4]. They describe the changes caused by rivers. Regularly updated let an analysis of river-bed changes which took part in space, within the period of time.