CHANGES IN THE LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC SYSTEM OF THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN 2020-2022

Abstract

The research paper examines the system of replenishment of the lexical layer of words that entered the lexicographic structure of the Kazakh language during the pandemic of 2020-2022. In the space of institutional discourse, terms that have actively entered the field of medicine have been identified. With the help of an electronic resource "Qazcorpus.kz" the frequency of covid lexemes was determined. The lexico-semantic word-formation structure of new complex words, which are dominated by the covid words, crown, quarantine has been studied. The creation of new periphrases describing diseases that arose during the pandemic was discovered. The topics of media articles and poems of poets written during the quarantine period were analyzed. The new terms were divided into thematic groups: therapeutic term, sanitary and hygienic term, socio-political term, educational term, and psychological term. The activity of occasional words and the pragmatic motive of new figurative expressions were also considered. It is established that a number of neologisms were translated by hybrid words. It was revealed the frequency of words of condolence during the pandemic, and an increase in phobic emotional vocabulary. It is confirmed that changes and global situations in society are primarily clearly expressed in language. As the materials of the paper, new covid lexemes from the media and the social network were collected.