Changes in the Indicators of Effective Soil Fertility of the Stone Steppe under the Influence of Forest Strips of Various Landscape Accessories

Abstract

Within the framework of the program on the subject of the state task in 2021–2022, studies were conducted on changes in the indicators of effective fertility in space and time under the influence of forest strips of various landscape accessories (forest strip No. 40 on the watershed, forest strip No. 72 on the slope). All works were performed in the Voronezh FASC named after V.V. Dokuchaev. It was found that the soils of the watershed area were characterized by the greatest availability of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium. The provision of soils with nitrate nitrogen during the growing season in the watershed and slope areas was at the same level. The watershed area was characterized by a decrease in the amount of mineral elements on the soils of the deposit and the edges of the forest strip No. 40. As for the forest strip itself, the maximum indicators were noted in the center of the forest strip, gradually decreasing in the direction of the edges. Considering the indicators of fertility of arable land, it was noted that they increase at a distance from the forest strip, their maximum was detected at a distance of 75–150 m from the forest strip. On the arable land adjacent to the Baltic forest strip No. 72, an increase in the content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium was noted when approaching the forest strip. The content of nitrate nitrogen, on the contrary, decreased downhill, reaching a minimum near the forest strip. It is proved that by the end of the growing season, the content of nitrate nitrogen and exchangeable potassium increased in the watershed, and the content of mobile phosphorus decreased. At the slope site, by the end of the growing season, there was an increase in all the studied fertility indicators.