Abstract
Purpose The aim of the present study was to quantify the fractionation effect in mouse oral mucosa during a daily fractionated protocol. Methods and materials Irradiation of the snout of C3H mice was performed with 5 × 3 Gy/week. In the first experiment, graded test doses were applied to the lower tongue on Days 4, 7, 11, 14, or 18. Subsequently, a split-dose experiment was performed on the same days with 1, 2, 3, or 5 fractions (graded doses). Results The ED50 (dose expected to induce ulcer in 50% of the mice) for untreated mucosa was 10.7 ± 1.0 Gy. Fractionated irradiation with 5 × 3 Gy/week yielded an ED50 for top-up irradiation of 6.5 ± 1.8 Gy, 6.8 ± 0.9 Gy, 5.3 ± 2.1 Gy, 7.3 ± 1.9 Gy, and 7.5 ± 1.3 Gy on Days 4, 7, 11, 14, and 18. The ED50 values for split-dose irradiation on Day 4 increased from 6.24 ± 1.48 Gy (1 fraction) to 9.96 ± 1.47 Gy (5 fractions). Similarly, an increase from 4.04 ± 1.56 Gy to 10.07 ± 1.9 Gy was found on Day 11, and from 5.84 ± 2.37 Gy to 9.81 ± 2.29 Gy on Day 18. After the weekend breaks, values between 6.22 ± 1.60 Gy (1 fraction) and 4.7 ± 1.95 Gy (5 fractions) were observed on Day 7, and between 5.62 ± 1.36 Gy and 5.98 ± 2.01 Gy on Day 14. Conclusions These results indicate that the fractionation effect in oral mucosa is consistently lost over the weekends and restored during the treatment weeks.
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