CHANGES IN THE COMPOSITION OF THE GUT MICROBIOTA IN THE OBESE HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

Abstract

Objective: Recent studies showed that the gut microbiota (GM) is involved in the regulation of blood pressure and the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension (AH). Changes in the composition of the GM are associated with various metabolic diseases and the risk factors of development of AH, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the features of the composition of the GM in the patients with AH, which occurs against the background of abdominal obesity (AO). Design and method: In the study was included 70 patients with AH, 2–3 degrees (46 patients with AO and 24 patients with normal body weight (NBW) aged 40 to 65 years. The control group consisted of 20 practically healthy individuals. The investigation complex included standard clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods. Determination of the quantitative composition of GM was carried out by the method of polymerase chain reaction with hybridization-fluorescence detection of results in real time. Results: In patients with AH, both with AO and without obesity (with NBW), there was a significant decrease in the number of Lactobacillus spp. (p < 0.05), Bifidobacterium spp (p < 0.05), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p < 0.05) compared with the control group/ At the same time, in the group of the patients with AH and AO, a more significant decrease in the number of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was detected, compared with the group of patients with AH with NBW (p < 0.05). The amount of Akkermansia Muciniphila was significantly lower in the patients with AH and AO compare with the patients with NBW (p < 0.05) and the control group (p < 0.01). Also, in the patients with AH and AO the ratio of Bacteroides fragilis group/Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was significant higher than in the patients with NBW (p < 0.05) and control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of our study indicate a possible role of the identified GM imbalance (deficiency of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Akkermansia Muciniphila, increased ratio of Bacteroides fragilis group/Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) in the pathogenesis of AH in the obese patients.