Abstract
UDK 631.41(497.6)
 The research was conducted on deposol and rekultisol (technosols) in lignite mine Stanari. The main task of the formed grasslands is to improve the mechanical, chemical and biological properties of the rekultisol and deposol in the reclamation process. The fertility of Stanari deposol is extremely low in comparison to the natural soil. Grassland seeding through direct type of reclamation was conducted in 2008, 2011 and 2012 year. The conducted researches include the changes in the adsorption complex in the surface layer of the treated deposol in the reclamation process. Laboratory analysis of this technogenic soil were carried out before the reclamation and sowing started, and then in the process of reclamation at the end of 2012. On the experimental plots where reclamation measures were implemented, there is a slight improvement in most of the chemical characteristics of the rekultisol. Adsorption capacity and saturation degree of base cations in rekultisol were increased. Proper selection of the agromeliorative and other measures is required in the reclamation process. Well based seeding grasslands contribute to the creation of quality rekultisol.
Highlights
Main objective of the reclamation of degraded areas, caused by open pit mine exploitation of the ore reserves, is to establish the management functions on these newly created technogenic soils
It is evident that hydrogen ions can predominate over the adsorbed base cations (Table 1, sample no. 1), which implies that such types of soil with their current fertility, practically do not have sufficient adsorption capacity of all the necessary elements of mineral nutrition, which requires the implementation of full agrotehnical measures during the reclamation process
Artificial grasslands are being established to a significant extent, as a part of the agricultural reclamation method
Summary
Main objective of the reclamation of degraded areas, caused by open pit mine exploitation of the ore reserves, is to establish the management functions on these newly created technogenic soils (technosols). Projected reclamation methods for Stanari coal basin deposols (of a very low fertility) at formed overburden (unfertile) disposals, were agriculture and forest plantations. A significant part of the agricultural reclamation refers to the establishment of artificial grassland. Studies on the methods of grassland establishment in the reclamation process and potential yields have started in 2008 at the deposols of Raskovac open pit external disposal area in Stanari (Маlic and Lakic, 2011). Pioneer species in agricultural reclamation include species from the families of Poaceae and Fabaceae
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