Abstract
Urban wetland soil provides ecosystem services (ES) through their functions. Changes in soil properties due to anthropogenic disturbances lead to a loss of soil quality. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of nearby anthropic disturbance on the chemical, physical and biological properties of the urban wetland soil. Soil samples were collected from four sites (P1, P2, P3 and P4) located in the Angachilla urban wetland, Chile, according to the magnitude of anthropogenic disturbance. An assessment of the physical and chemical properties of the soil profile was carried out in two sites, P1 and P4. Additionally, chemical and biological properties of the soil were evaluated in the four sites selected. Results from the soil profiles showed that Hz1 of P4 had a higher levels of soil fertility as a result of low anthropogenic disturbance in contrast to Hz1 of P1 (p < 0.05). Relevant differences among sites were observed for P-Olsen, pH NaF, nosZ gene, Nitrate and Na (PC1: 50.5%). Composition of the soil bacterial community in P1 and P4 showed higher richness and diversity. Anthropogenic disturbance on the urban wetland soil leads to a loss of the soil’s organic horizon, as well as its soil quality and, subsequently, its capacity to provide ES through its functions.
Highlights
Wetlands are recognized as important aquatic environments able to provide several ‘ecosystem services (ES)’, which are defined as ‘the benefits that people can obtain from natural ecosystems’ [1]
In Hz1, the sand, silt and Chemical soil properties SOM content (
(600–1200 mg kg−1 ), Alp (1.4 –3.3%), Alo (1.6–3.0%), Fep (0.1–1.1%) and Feo (0.2–1.4%), showed that the soil profile of P1 is significantly different from the soil profile of P4. (p < 0.05; Table 2)
Summary
Wetlands are recognized as important aquatic environments able to provide several ‘ecosystem services (ES)’, which are defined as ‘the benefits that people can obtain from natural ecosystems’ [1]. The ES provided by wetlands environment can be classified as: (i). The ES provided by wetlands are essential in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by seventeen goals, each with a number of concrete targets (https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org, accessed on 10 February 2022). The SDGs looking for eradicate poverty and achieve sustainable development by 2030. The wetlands in relation to the SDGs highlight the importance of conserving and restoring this important aquatic environment, which it will be critical in helping countries achieve their SDG targets (https://www.ramsar.org/news/wetlandsand-the-sdgs, accessed on 10 February 2022). The major threats for the wetlands are related to construction of infrastructure, water extraction, eutrophication and pollution
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