Abstract
Background: To compare early visual changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with healthy controls in a baseline exploration, to follow-up the patients after 6 months, and to correlate these visual changes with neurological disability. Methods: All patients underwent a comprehensive neurological and ophthalmological examination. A linear mixed analysis and Bonferroni p-value correction were performed, testing four comparisons as follows: Control baseline vs. control follow-up, control baseline vs. ALS baseline, control follow-up vs. ALS follow-up, and ALS baseline vs. ALS follow-up. Results: The mean time from the diagnosis was 10.80 ± 5.5 months. The analysis of the optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed: (1) In ALS baseline vs. control baseline, a macular significantly increased thickness of the inner macular ring temporal and inferior areas; (2) in ALS follow-up vs. ALS baseline, a significant macular thinning in the inner and outer macular ring inferior areas; (3) in ALS follow-up vs. ALS baseline, a significant peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thinning in the superior and inferior quadrants; and (4) ALS patients showed a moderate correlation between some OCT pRNFL parameters and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) score. Conclusion: The OCT showed retinal changes in patients with motoneuron disease and could serve as a complementary tool for studying ALS.
Highlights
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of progressive motor neuron disease.Worldwide, the incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) ranges from 0.3 to 2.5 cases per year per 100,000 people [1]
In ALS patients, we found a non-significant best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) decrease compared with controls, and none of the patients had complained of visual symptoms
We hypothesize that the significant increase in Macular thickness (MT) in temporal and inferior innerdistributed macular ring (IMR)
Summary
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of progressive motor neuron disease.Worldwide, the incidence of ALS ranges from 0.3 to 2.5 cases per year per 100,000 people [1]. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of progressive motor neuron disease. The degree of neurological disability is determined by the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) [6]. Control baseline, a macular significantly increased thickness of the inner macular ring temporal and inferior areas; (2) in ALS follow-up vs ALS baseline, a significant macular thinning in the inner and outer macular ring inferior areas; (3) in ALS follow-up vs ALS baseline, a significant peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thinning in the superior and inferior quadrants; and (4) ALS patients showed a moderate correlation between some OCT pRNFL parameters and Amyotrophic.
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