Abstract
The aim of the study was to describe the changes in kidney parameters induced by 10 days of tapering (TP) during a training camp (TC), where the players were preparing for a group competition, in 15 female handball team members of a Division 1 Amateur of Benin, in the sub-Saharan environment. Measures were taken in all the players before and after the intensive training (IT) and tapering (TP) phases in an intervention study. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with the CKD-EPI 4-level race formula, the fractional excretions of sodium (FeNa) and potassium (FeK), the urine potassium-to-sodium ratio (Na/K urine), and the hemoglobin rate [Hb] were determined for all participants. At the end of IT, eGFR and FeNa increased, respectively, by 22.39% (P < 0.01) and 143.85% (P < 0.01), but the variation of FeK is not significant (P > 0.05). The number of abnormally low eGFR values (<90 mL/min/1.73 m2) was reduced from 11 to 5 (P < 0.05). At the end of TP, the eGFR and urine Na-to-K ratio remained on average constant (P > 0.05) but FeNa decreased by 96.32% (P < 0.001) and FeK increased by 144.41% (P < 0.001). The [Hb] rate increased by 9.80% (P < 0.001), and players had inadequate hydration practice. The results suggested that in addition to its already known effects, TP preserves the positive effects of IT on glomerular function in athletes preparing for a competition that presents a major challenge.
Highlights
Academic Editor: John Zhang e aim of the study was to describe the changes in kidney parameters induced by 10 days of tapering (TP) during a training camp (TC), where the players were preparing for a group competition, in 15 female handball team members of a Division 1 Amateur of Benin, in the sub-Saharan environment
At the end of TP, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine Na-to-K ratio remained on average constant (P > 0.05) but FeNa decreased by 96.32% (P < 0.001) and FeK increased by 144.41% (P < 0.001). e [Hb] rate increased by 9.80% (P < 0.001), and players had inadequate hydration practice. e results suggested that in addition to its already known effects, TP preserves the positive effects of intensive training (IT) on glomerular function in athletes preparing for a competition that presents a major challenge
Introduction e preparation of athletes for a sports competition is increasingly based on the organization of training camps, the last part of which consists of a tapering block that succeeds that of intensive training
Summary
E aim of the study was to describe the changes in kidney parameters induced by 10 days of tapering (TP) during a training camp (TC), where the players were preparing for a group competition, in 15 female handball team members of a Division 1 Amateur of Benin, in the sub-Saharan environment. In players of team sports such as handball, exposure to relatively high thermal stresses of the sub-Saharan environment, higher training loads, and the physiological demands of games, the kidney risk incurred could be significant. E magnitude of the risk incurred during these two phases of physical preparation in team sports in a hot environment is not known and must be determined. E present study aimed to describe in handball players, changes in glomerular and tubular parameters, induced by 10 days of tapering, preparatory to the final phase of the Benin Division 1 championship Adequate physical preparation that combines intensive training and tapering can allow players to meet these requirements [1]. e magnitude of the risk incurred during these two phases of physical preparation in team sports in a hot environment is not known and must be determined. e present study aimed to describe in handball players, changes in glomerular and tubular parameters, induced by 10 days of tapering, preparatory to the final phase of the Benin Division 1 championship
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