Changes in plasma levels of N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine and N-palmitoylethanolamine following bariatric surgery in morbidly obese females with impaired glucose homeostasis.

Akhila Mallipedhi,Richard M Bracken,Sarah L Prior,Stephen C Bain,Gareth Dunseath,James Morgan,John N Baxter,Nia Eyre,Jeffrey W Stephens,Jonathan Barry,Scott Caplin,Saoirse E O’Sullivan,David A Barrett,Steve D Luzio,Sarir Sarmad

doi:10.1155/2015/680867

Akhila Mallipedhi, Richard M Bracken + Show 13 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/680867

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Abstract

Aim. We examined endocannabinoids (ECs) in relation to bariatric surgery and the association between plasma ECs and markers of insulin resistance. Methods. A study of 20 participants undergoing bariatric surgery. Fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose, lipids, insulin, and C-peptide were recorded preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively with plasma ECs (AEA, 2-AG) and endocannabinoid-related lipids (PEA, OEA). Results. Gender-specific analysis showed differences in AEA, OEA, and PEA preoperatively with reductions in AEA and PEA in females postoperatively. Preoperatively, AEA was correlated with 2-hour glucose (r = 0.55, P = 0.01), HOMA-IR (r = 0.61, P = 0.009), and HOMA %S (r = −0.71, P = 0.002). OEA was correlated with weight (r = 0.49, P = 0.03), waist circumference (r = 0.52, P = 0.02), fasting insulin (r = 0.49, P = 0.04), and HOMA-IR (r = 0.48, P = 0.05). PEA was correlated with fasting insulin (r = 0.49, P = 0.04). 2-AG had a negative correlation with fasting glucose (r = −0.59, P = 0.04). Conclusion. Gender differences exist in circulating ECs in obese subjects. Females show changes in AEA and PEA after bariatric surgery. Specific correlations exist between different ECs and markers of obesity and insulin and glucose homeostasis.

Highlights

Considerable interest has developed in the role that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays in obesity, impaired glucose homeostasis, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1]
We studied the association between circulating ECs and markers of obesity and insulin and glucose homeostasis pre- and postoperatively
We examined the correlation (Spearman’s correlation) between BMI, weight, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting insulin, and markers of insulin resistance with plasma ECs pre- and postoperatively

Summary

Introduction

Considerable interest has developed in the role that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays in obesity, impaired glucose homeostasis, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1]. The most comprehensively studied ECs are the fatty acid amides, N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA), N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA), Noleoylethanolamine (OEA), and related N-acylethanolamine (NAE) derivatives together with esters of arachidonic acid including 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) [4,5,6,7]. The ECS is critically important in the control and regulation of body weight both centrally and peripherally. Activation of CB1 by AEA and 2-AG is associated with increased food intake, weight gain, and obesity, whilst OEA and PEA are associated with the suppression of these effects.

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