Abstract
Welsh developed scales A (anxiety/maladjustment) and R (repression/control) as measures of two of the underlying dimensions of the MMPI. They are among the most frequently used of the supplemental scales for the MMPI. However, there have been significant changes in MMPI response patterns when profiles from contemporary normal people are compared with the original Minnesota normal sample from which the original MMPI norms were derived more than 40 years ago. Comparable changes are also apparent on scales A and R. New norms based on a large sample (N = 1,408) of contemporary normal people are presented for clinicians and researchers who use scales A and R.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have