Changes in mitochondrial protein composition during testicular differentiation in mouse and bull

Abstract

AbstractThe morphology of testicular mitochondria changes markedly during spermatogenesis from a form normally seen in somatic cells to a “germ cell” form in which the matrix is diffuse and vacuolated and finally to a form with a condensed matrix seen in spermatozoa. Colloidal silica gel gradients and high‐resolution, two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis were used to define the changes in density and polypeptide composition that occur in testicular mitochondria during spermatogenesis. Similar densities were observed for mitochondria isolated from the same bovine or murine tissue, but mitochondria from different tissues usually had different densities. Mitochondria from testis of calf, bull, or sexually mature mouse had densities of 1.06 gm/cm3 while liver mitochondria were more dense, having a density of 1.09 gm/cm3. “Somatic‐type” testicular mitochondria from calf and “germ cell‐type” mitochondria from sexually mature mouse or bull had similar densities, 1.06 gm/cm3, while the density of mitochondria from ejaculated spermatozoa differed, ρ = 1.08 gm/cm3. Analysis of polypeptide composition of somatic and germ cell mitochondria from testes of prepuberal and sexually mature animals and from highly enriched populations of pachytene primary spermatocytes and round spermatids revealed a staining pattern of mitochondrial proteins that was markedly constant throughout development with most polypeptides being conserved and a few specific spots changing in abundance. Marked differences were detected, however, when mitochondria from ejaculated spermatozoa were compared with those from testis with many minor and major polypeptides missing and several new polypeptides present at high concentration.