Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Severity Following Individualized Versus Standardized Exercise Prescription: A Feasibility Study.

Ryan M. Weatherwax,Joyce S. Ramos,Lance C. Dalleck,Andrew E. Kilding,Nigel K. Harris

doi:10.3390/ijerph15112594

Abstract

This study sought to investigate the efficacy of standardized versus individualized exercise intensity prescription on metabolic syndrome (MetS) severity following a 12-week exercise intervention. A total of 38 experimental participants (47.8 ± 12.2 yr, 170.7 ± 8.0 cm, 82.6 ± 18.7 kg, 26.9 ± 6.7 mL·k−1·min−1) were randomized to one of two exercise interventions (exercise intensity prescribed using heart rate reserve or ventilatory threshold). Following the 12-week intervention, MetS z-score was significantly improved for the standardized (−2.0 ± 3.1 to −2.8 ± 2.8 [p = 0.01]) and individualized (−3.3 ± 2.3 to −3.9 ± 2.2 [p = 0.04]) groups. When separating participants based on prevalence of MetS at baseline and MetS z-score responsiveness, there were six and three participants in the standardized and individualized groups, respectively, with three or more MetS risk factors. Of the six participants in the standardized group, 83% (5/6) of the participants were considered responders, whereas 100% (3/3) of the individualized participants were responders. Furthermore, only 17% (1/6) of the participants with MetS at baseline in the standardized group no longer had symptoms of MetS following the intervention. In the individualized group, 67% (2/3) of participants with baseline MetS were not considered to have MetS at week 12. These findings suggest that an individualized approach to the exercise intensity prescription may ameliorate the severity of MetS.

Highlights

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the simultaneous occurrence of three or more cardiovascular disease risk factors including central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and hypertension, which elevates the risk of cardiovascular events [1].reducing the severity of this syndrome may serve as a target to improve global health.an exercise-induced increase in cardiorespiratory fitness has been well established as aInt
Post hoc analysis indicated that the mean SBP for the individualized group (119.7 ± 7.2 mmHg) was significantly lower than that of the standardized group (126.7 ± 9.9 mmHg), and the VO2 max for the standardized group (24.4 ± 4.7 mL·kg−1 ·min−1 )
Albeit based on a limited sample size, for those participants diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS) at baseline, there was a greater number of individuals who reversed the syndrome following the individualized exercise intervention (66, 2/3) compared to the standardized (17%, 1/6) exercise prescription

Summary

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the simultaneous occurrence of three or more cardiovascular disease risk factors including central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and hypertension, which elevates the risk of cardiovascular events [1].reducing the severity of this syndrome may serve as a target to improve global health.an exercise-induced increase in cardiorespiratory fitness has been well established as aInt. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the simultaneous occurrence of three or more cardiovascular disease risk factors including central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and hypertension, which elevates the risk of cardiovascular events [1]. Reducing the severity of this syndrome may serve as a target to improve global health. An exercise-induced increase in cardiorespiratory fitness has been well established as a. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 2594; doi:10.3390/ijerph15112594 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph

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