Abstract
Introduction The effects of fatty acids on health vary and depend on the type, amount, and route of consumption. EPA and DHA have a defined role in health, unlike coconut oil. Objective The aim was to investigate the changes in metabolic regulation and the composition of the culture-dependent microbiota after supplementation with different fatty acids in db/db mice. Material and Methods. We were using 32 8-week-old db/db mice, supplemented for eight weeks with EPA/DHA derived from microalgae as well as coconut oil. The lipid, hormonal profiles, and composition of the culture-dependent microbiota and the phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing were determined for identification of the intestinal microbiota. Results Enriched diet with EPA/DHA reduced TNF-α, C-peptide, insulin resistance, resistin, and the plasma atherogenic index, but increased TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c, and TG without changes in HDL-c. Coconut oil raised the HDL-c, GIP, and TNF-α, with TG, insulin resistance, adiponectin, and C-peptide reduced. Conclusion The most abundant microbial populations were Firmicutes and the least Proteobacteria. EPA/DHA derived from microalgae contributes to improving the systemic inflammatory status, but depressed the diversity of the small intestine microbiota. Coconut oil only decreased the C-peptide, raising TNF-α, with an unfavorable hormonal and lipid profile.
Highlights
The effects of fatty acids on health vary and depend on the type, amount, and route of consumption
The 32 mice were distributed in four groups (n = 8) and divided according to the type of fatty acids administered: (i) control group (CLG) was without treatment and fed a standard diet, (ii) enriched diet group (EDG) has a modified meal that contains the same nutritional balance as the standard upon addition of 2.0% EPA/ DHA derived from microalgae (Table 1), (iii) lyophilized group (LG) uses EPA/DHA derived from microalgae in the form of pure powder lyophilized with water as a vehicle plus the standard diet, and (iv) coconut oil group (COG) was administered pure coconut oil plus the standard diet (Figure 1)
The data represent the mean ± Standard diet (SD) of Body Mass Index (BMI), glycaemia, and food consumption of mice supplemented with EPA/DHA derived from microalgae and coconut oil, for 8 weeks
Summary
The effects of fatty acids on health vary and depend on the type, amount, and route of consumption. The aim was to investigate the changes in metabolic regulation and the composition of the culture-dependent microbiota after supplementation with different fatty acids in db/db mice. We were using 32 8-week-old db/db mice, supplemented for eight weeks with EPA/DHA derived from microalgae as well as coconut oil. Enriched diet with EPA/DHA reduced TNF-α, C-peptide, insulin resistance, resistin, and the plasma atherogenic index, but increased TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c, and TG without changes in HDL-c. Coconut oil raised the HDL-c, GIP, and TNF-α, with TG, insulin resistance, adiponectin, and C-peptide reduced. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder in which glucose metabolism cannot be regulated [1] This condition is associated with a proinflammatory state that involves overproduction of cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The intestinal microbiota is a dynamic entity that participates in the maturation of the local immune system, drug metabolism, detoxification, and vitamin production
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
