Abstract
Elevated CO2 (eCO2) modifies plant primary and secondary metabolism that subsequently impacts herbivore insect performance due to changes in its nutritional requirements. This laboratory study evaluated interactions between Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and melon (Cucumis melo L., Cucurbitaceae), previously acclimated two or six weeks to different CO2 levels, eCO2 (700 ppm) or ambient CO2 (400 ppm). Under eCO2, melon plants decreased nitrogen foliar concentration and increased carbon to nitrogen ratio, independently of acclimation period, significantly reducing the content of some amino acids (alanine, asparagine, glycine, isoleucine, lysine, serine, threonine, and valine) and increasing the carbohydrate (sucrose) content in melon leaves. The dilution in some essential amino acids for aphid nutrition could have aggravated the reduction in A. gossypii population growth reared on melon previously acclimated two weeks to eCO2, as well as the loss of aphid body mass from two successive generations of A. gossypii reared under eCO2 on plants previously acclimated two or six weeks to eCO2. The response to eCO2 of phloem feeders, such as aphids, is actually variable, but this study highlights a negative response of A. gossypii to this climate change driver. Potential implications on control of this pest in a global change scenario are discussed.
Highlights
Elevated CO2 (eCO2) modifies plant primary and secondary metabolism that subsequently impacts herbivore insect performance due to changes in its nutritional requirements
Growth and physiological functions of plants are seriously affected by elevated CO2 (eCO2)[5]
We mainly focused on how different plant acclimation to e CO2 modified the content of carbohydrates and amino acids of melon plants and affected A. gossypii body mass and population growth
Summary
Elevated CO2 (eCO2) modifies plant primary and secondary metabolism that subsequently impacts herbivore insect performance due to changes in its nutritional requirements. This laboratory study evaluated interactions between Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and melon (Cucumis melo L., Cucurbitaceae), previously acclimated two or six weeks to different CO2 levels, eCO2 (700 ppm) or ambient CO2 (400 ppm). Elevated C O2 modifies plant metabolism, both the primary (nitrogen, proteins, water, soluble sugars, starch and structural compounds) and the secondary (terpenes, tannins, phenolics and total non-structural carbohydrates)[7]. The effect of eCO2 on plant carbohydrate content is species-specific most of the plants show an increase in carbohydrates content[14,20,27] in others, soluble sugars are not affected by e CO224
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