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Abstract
The median ages at death from cancers between 1985 and 2005 were calculated to demonstrate that inherent anticancer mechanisms may be a common pathway for different cancers. Seventy-eight patients with gastric, liver and lung cancers, were recruited in the solid cancer group. The leukemia group consisted of 31 patients with three main types of leukemia. The controls were 100 healthy individuals. The samples were typed using an HLA-DR/DQ PCR-SSP typing kit. The results showed that the median ages at death from all causes were 64.7 years in 1985 and 70.1 years in 2005. The range of the median ages at death from all cancers was similar to the corresponding value for deaths attributed to all causes. The frequency of DRB1*03 was 9.6% in the solid cancer group and 3.0% in the control group (p<0.05). The frequency of DRB1*04 in the leukemia group were significantly lower than that of the control (p<0.05). DRB1*13 and DQB1*06 frequencies in the leukemia group were significantly higher than those of the controls (p<0.05). It is suggested that inherent anti-cancer mechanisms may be a common pathway for different cancers and are associated with the immune system and HLA.
Highlights
Cancer is multigenic, with several susceptibility genes acting together with environmental factors to produce an abnormal phenotype, and anti-cancer mechanisms have evolved to contend with the consequences of cancer (Monteiro et al, 2013; Shames et al, 2014)
We calculated the median age at death from cancer during the last 20 years to demonstrate that the instinct to repair cancer may be a common pathway of an anti-cancer mechanism for different cancers
Since Human leukocyte antigen complex (HLA) class II loci have a distinctive role in diseases, associations are usually observed with HLA-DR and DQ genes (Sugihara, 2012; Zhao et al, 2012; Pratesi et al, 2013)
Summary
With several susceptibility genes acting together with environmental factors to produce an abnormal phenotype, and anti-cancer mechanisms have evolved to contend with the consequences of cancer (Monteiro et al, 2013; Shames et al, 2014). We know that the instinct to repair cancer or anti-diseases have increased because of the increase in life expectancy in China since 1980. We calculated the median age at death from cancer during the last 20 years to demonstrate that the instinct to repair cancer may be a common pathway of an anti-cancer mechanism for different cancers. HLA genes are the most significant genetic predisposition factor or genetic markers on chromosome 6 for diseases and cancers affecting the immune system (Shugart et al, 2011; Hildesheim et al, 2012). We are interested in understanding whether the HLA class II DR /DQ allelic polymorphism is a common risk factor in the development of cancer with the instinct to repair cancer or not.
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