Changes in lactate dehydrogenase, LDH isoenzymes, lactate, and pyruvate as a result of feeding low fat diets to healthy men and women

Abstract

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects on blood lipids and lipoproteins of feeding 21 healthy volunteers, 40–60 yr old, foods commonly eaten in the United States for two 40-day periods. Activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and LDH isoenzymes, lactate, and pyruvate were monitored. Results showed that LDH activity was significantly lower in all subjects at the end of the 25% fat-calorie period (period I) than at the beginning of the study, but rose above initial levels at the end of the 35% fat-calorie period (period II). While total LDH fell during period I, relative activity of M type subunits of LDH rose significantly in relation to H type in both sexes. This rise is probably indicative of an increase in glycolytic activity as a consequence of the increased intake of dietary carbohydrate. In period I, lactate and pyruvate decreased significantly in males (pyruvate greater than lactate) but not in females. Values for males returned to near initial levels in period II. The ratio of lactate/pyruvate was elevated in both sexes after period I. The greater change in pyruvate relative to lactate with increased dietary carbohydrate suggests increased Krebs Cycle activity. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between lactate, pyruvate, and serum triglyceride for males after they ate the 25% and 35% fat-calorie diets and for females after they ate the 35% fat-calorie diet, but not between lactate, pyruvate, and serum cholesterol for either sex.