Changes in Intraocular Pressure and Associated Systemic Factors Over 10 Years in Subjects Without Ocular Disease at Baseline

Abstract

To investigate the changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and associated factors over 10 years in subjects who participated in health examinations in 1999 and 2008. Subjects with no clear history of ocular disease and who participated in health examinations at Yamanashi Koseiren Health Care Center, Japan, in 1999 and 2008 were enrolled in this study. IOP was evaluated using a noncontact tonometer. The right eye was analyzed in all subjects. The change in IOP between the 2 examinations and the factors that were significantly associated with the change in IOP were investigated. A total of 3785 subjects were enrolled (mean age, 50.9±8.6 y), comprising 2022 males (mean age, 50.3±8.9 y) and 1763 females (mean age, 51.5±8.2 y). The mean IOPs of males and females in 1999 were 13.4±3.1 and 12.8±2.8 mm Hg, respectively (P<0.0001). IOP measured in 2008 was significantly lower than that in 1998 in males and females (mean change, -0.8 and -0.6 mm Hg, respectively; P<0.0001). Univariate regression analysis showed that changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, body mass index, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were positively correlated with change in IOP. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the change in IOP was positively associated with the changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index. IOP decreased significantly with age. Several systemic factors were significantly correlation with the change in IOP.