Abstract
Increasing evidences indicate that gut microbiota composition is associated with multiple inflammatory diseases. However, little is known about how gut microbiota changes with age and correlations with gut inflammation at sexual maturity stage of healthy individuals. Elucidating the dynamic changes of gut microbiota in healthy individuals at the sexual maturity stage and correlations with gut inflammation can provide clues for early risk assessment of gut diseases at the sexual maturity stage. Here, the shift in gut bacteria and its relationship with gut inflammation at the sexual maturity stage were explored. Sprague–Dawley rats at the sexual maturity stage were used in this study. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to decipher gut bacteria shifts from the 7th week to the 9th week, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure gut inflammation and gut barrier permeability. We found an increase in bacterial richness with age and a decrease in bacterial diversity with age. The gut bacteria were primarily dominated by the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroides and the genus Prevotella. The relative abundance of Firmicutes increased with age, and the relative abundance of Bacteroides decreased with age. There was a positive correlation between body weight and the Firmicutes:Bacteroides ratio. More and more gut microbiota participated in the host gut inflammation and barrier permeability regulation with age. Ruminococcus was the only gut bacteria participated in gut inflammation and barrier permeability regulation both in the 7th week and the 15th week. These results provide a better understanding of the relationship between gut bacteria and gut inflammation in sexually mature rats and show that Ruminococcus may be a potential indicator for early risk assessment of gut inflammation.
Highlights
Gut bacteria are considered to be a highly complex and diverse bacterial community that contributes to body health and disease [1,2]
Alpha diversity analysis showed that the richness (Chao1 index) of gut bacteria significantly increased with time, while the diversity (Simpson index) of gut bacteria significantly decreased with time (Fig 1D and 1E)
The 7th week to 9th week and 10th week to 15th week were obviously divided into different groups on the PC1 axis (Fig 1F and 1G), indicating that the diversity of gut bacteria shifted with time
Summary
Gut bacteria are considered to be a highly complex and diverse bacterial community that contributes to body health and disease [1,2]. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been shown to be associated with gut bacteria dysbiosis [1,3–5]. Gut microbiota composition has been widely reported to be associated with multiple inflammatory diseases, little is known about how gut microbiota changes and the relationship with gut inflammation at the sexual maturity stage of healthy individuals. We monitored the major shifts in fecal bacteria and their relationship to gut inflammation in sexually mature rats. Our results provide new insight into the correlation between gut microbiota shifts and gut inflammation in sexually mature rats
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