Abstract
In order to clarify the relationship between the monoclinic distortion and the invariant plane strain in the β–18R martensitic transformation of Cu-based shape memory alloys, analytic solutions for the invariant plane strain have been derived. This involves the coupling of the phenomenological theory of the martensitic crystallography with the monoclinic distortion model for the M18R structure. A higher monoclinic distortion has been found to bring about reduction in the tensile and/or compressive strains along the principal axes, and thus the magnitude of the invariant plane strain is linearly related to the monoclinic distortion. Similarly, a higher monoclinic distortion leads to a decrease in the lattice invariant shear, which can be further reduced by the volumetric contraction due to the transformation. The stacking fault density of the 18R martensite has been found to diminish with increasing monoclinic distortion, and its actual stacking fault density has been calculated to be greater than 1/3 when the volumetric contraction occurs during the martensitic transformation.
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