Abstract
The influence of salinity on essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.) leaves grown in hydroponic culture was investigated. Volatile constituents and fatty acid of leaves were analyzed. The essential oil yield increased significantly up to 18 and 43% with 25 and 50 mM NaCl, respectively and decreased significantly under high salinity. The major volatile compound in leaves was ( E)-2-decenal with 52% of total essential oil constituents, followed by decanal, dodecanal, ( E)-2-tridecenal and ( E)-2-dodecenal. Further, the content of these compounds was affected differently by the treatment level. Salinity decreased significantly the total fatty acid content of the upper and basal leaves. α-Linolenic (C18:3n3) was the main compound of both organs, followed by linoleic (C18:2n6), heptadecenoïc (C17:1n7) and palmitic (C16:0) acids. Raising NaCl concentrations lead to an important decrease in the unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio stimulating the formation of more rigid membrane.
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