Abstract
AbstractLong-term agricultural management alters soil organic matter, nutrient status, and potentially the decomposer community. We measured the abundance and activity of cellulose, chitin, and protease degrading bacteria, and total soil extra-cellular enzyme activity for cellulose (β-glucosidase), chitinase (N-acetyl-glucosaminidase), xylosidase, and phosphatase activity. By combining these methods, we could determine how bacterial decomposer abundance and function were altered by long-term management, and how the bacterial decomposer community relates to overall soil enzyme activity. We also measured microbial total fungal and bacterial biomass, soil organic carbon pools, and extractable nitrogen for supplementary comparisons. Soil samples were taken in June of 2010 from the Bad Lauchstädt field station’s Static Fertilization Experiment, under treatment for 108 years. Treatments include mineral (NPK) fertilizer (none or added at 140, 60, and 230 kg ha-1 yr-1) and manure addition (none, 20 T ha-1 2yr-1, and 30 T ha-1 2yr-1) in a full factorial experiment. We found that total cellulase activity and the abundance of cellulase degrading bacteria were higher in plots with manure addition. We observed the same pattern for total phosphatase activity, total chitinase activity, and the abundance of chitin degrading bacteria, although the trend was not statistically significant for total chitinase activity. These results suggest that long-term management does alter decomposition and that total soil enzyme activity reflects the abundance of decomposer bacteria.
Highlights
Agricultural management can cause long-lasting effects on many aspects Actinomycete bacteria are a major group of decomposition enzyme of soil function, soil ecology, and soil nutrient status (Acosta-Martínez producing microorganisms, with the genus Streptomycetes being among2004, 2007)
Streptomycetes are management (Hill et al, 2011). long-term agricultural field trial known to be affected by changes in land In this comprehensive study we used a to determine how bacterial decomposer to the production of extracellular enzymes
This type of interdisciplinary abundance and function were altered by long-term management, how the effort may offer a deeper understanding of which processes and specific bacterial decomposer community relates to overall soil enzyme activity and organisms are the best indicators of soil function, and how microbial activity microbial growth, and how microbial growth and hydrolytic enzyme relates to growth conditions
Summary
Agricultural management can cause long-lasting effects on many aspects Actinomycete bacteria are a major group of decomposition enzyme of soil function, soil ecology, and soil nutrient status Long-term agricultural field trial known to be affected by changes in land In this comprehensive study we used a to determine how bacterial decomposer to the production of extracellular enzymes. This type of interdisciplinary abundance and function were altered by long-term management, how the effort may offer a deeper understanding of which processes and specific bacterial decomposer community relates to overall soil enzyme activity and organisms are the best indicators of soil function, and how microbial activity microbial growth, and how microbial growth and hydrolytic enzyme relates to growth conditions.
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