Changes in Cholinesterase Activity in Blood of Adolescent with Metabolic Syndrome after Supplementation with Extract from Aronia melanocarpa.

Piotr Duchnowicz,Bożena Bukowska,Anna Ziobro,Elżbieta Rapacka,Maria Koter-Michalak

doi:10.1155/2018/5670145

Piotr Duchnowicz, Bożena Bukowska + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5670145

Copy DOI

Abstract

Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are growing problems among children and adolescents. There are no reports of changes in the activity of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in children and adolescents with metabolic syndrome especially after supplementation with extract from Aronia melanocarpa. Materials studied included plasma and erythrocytes isolated from peripheral blood of patients with MetS and healthy subjects. We have estimated the following parameters: acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity, lipid peroxidation and lipids levels in plasma, and erythrocytes membrane. In patients with MetS, a significant increase in AChE and BChE activity, higher LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels, and lower HDL-cholesterol level were observed. Supplementation with A. melanocarpa extract resulted in mild but statistically significant reduction of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triacylglycerol levels and caused an increase in HDL-cholesterol level and a decrease in lipid peroxidation in plasma patients with MetS. Additionally, a decrease in lipid peroxidation and cholesterol level and a decrease in AChE activity in the erythrocyte membranes after supplementation with A. melanocarpa were noted. Summarizing, an increase in AChE and BChE activity and disruption of lipid metabolism in patients with MetS were observed. After supplementation of MetS patients with A. melanocarpa extract, a decrease in AChE activity and oxidative stress was noted.

Highlights

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a group of risk factors of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which include abdominal obesity, disorder of lipid metabolism, glucose intolerance, and hypertension
Young patients with MetS had higher lipid peroxidation level, higher total cholesterol level, higher LDL-cholesterol level, higher triacylglycerol level, and lower HDL-cholesterol level when compared to control group
After two months of treatment with A. melanocarpa extract, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) “fast” parameter increased by 5% from baseline and was significantly higher than that for the control by 8% (p < 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a group of risk factors of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which include abdominal obesity, disorder of lipid metabolism, glucose intolerance, and hypertension. In 2005, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) proposed aligning the definition of the MetS in adults. In 2007, the IDF published definitions of MetS in children and adolescents, which replaced absolute values of waist circumference with percentiles appropriate for age and sex [1]. The main causes of the development of the MetS are unbalanced diet, stress, reduced physical activity, and genetic factors. Easy access to high-energy food combined with low physical activity may lead to central obesity. Overproduction of adipocytokines may increase insulin resistance and blood pressure, causes oxidative stress, and disturbs lipid metabolism

Methods

Results

Conclusion